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class="wp adcs"> <div id="pt" class="bm cl"> <div class="z"> <a href="./" class="nvhm" title="首页">光电工程师社区</a><a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php" style="margin-left:6px;">首页</a> <em>›</em><a href="http://news.oecr.com/">光电资讯</a><em>›</em> <a href="http://news.oecr.com/news/popularscience/">光电科普</a> <em>›</em> 查看内容 </div> </div> <!--[diy=diy1]--><div id="diy1" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> </div> <style id="diy_style" type="text/css"></style> <div id="ct" class="ct2 wp cl"> <div class="mn"> <div class="bm_haa cl"> <div class="bm_h cl"> <a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=rss&catid=62" class="y xi2 rss" target="_blank" title="RSS">订阅</a><h1 class="xs2">文章</h1> </div></div> <div class="kjkjb"> <div class="bm vw" style="margin-bottom:0;"> <div class="h hm"> <div class="zxtoux"><img src="http://www.oecr.com/uc_server/avatar.php?uid=54876&size=small" /></div> <h1 class="ph">3D打印简介 </h1> <p class="xg1"> 时间：2012-11-15 09:42<a class="zz" href="home.php?mod=space&uid=54876">作者：update</a> 阅读<em id="_viewnum">(5174)</em> 评论: 0</p> <div class="zxfb" ><a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=rss&catid=62" class="y xi2 rss" target="_blank" title="RSS">订阅</a></div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarytop]--><div id="diysummarytop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="s"> <div class="ss"><div><span>导读： </span>技术优势： 3D打印技术最突出的优点是无需机械加工或任何模具，就能直接从计算机图形数据中生成任何形状的零件，从而极大地缩短产品的研制周期，提高生产率和降低生产成本。与传统技术相比，三维打印技术还拥有如下 ...</div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarybottom]--><div id="diysummarybottom" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="d"> <!--[diy=diycontenttop]--><div id="diycontenttop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="vwtb"><tr><td id="article_content">3D打印，又称三维打印，在维基百科上面是这么解释的：快速成形技术的一种，它是运用粉末状金属或塑料等可粘合<a href="http://material.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">材料</a>，通过一层又一层的多层打印方式，构造零对象。模具制造、工业设计用于建造模型，现正发展成<a href="http://b.oecr.com/sell" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">产品</a>制造，形成“直接数字化制造”。一些高价值应用（如髋关节或牙齿，或飞机零部件）已经有打印而成的零部件出现。“3D打印”意味着这项技术的普及。<br><br>在20世纪80年代中期，SLS被在美国德州大学奥斯汀分校的卡尔Deckard博士开发出来并获得专利，项目由DARPA赞助的。1979年，类似过程由RF Housholder得到专利，但没有被商业化。<br><br> <p><a href="http://www.oecr.com/data/attachment/portal/201211/15/094112phkvsardzdktkrhh.jpg" target="_blank"></a></p> <p><a href="http://www.oecr.com/data/attachment/portal/201211/15/094112phkvsardzdktkrhh.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.oecr.com/data/attachment/portal/201211/15/094112phkvsardzdktkrhh.jpg.thumb.jpg"></a></p> <p>1995年，麻省理工创造了“三维打印”一词，当时的毕业生Jim Bredt和Tim Anderson修改了喷墨打印机方案，变为把约束溶剂挤压到粉末床的解决方案，而不是把墨水挤压在纸张上的方案。<br><br>说到3D打印，就不得不提3D打印机：<br><br>3D打印机又称三维打印机，是一种累积制造技术，通过打印一层层的粘合材料来制造三维的物体。现阶段三维打印机被用来制造样品。 2003年以来三维打印机的销售逐渐扩大，价格也开始下降。<br>该技术可用于珠宝，鞋类，工业设计，建筑，工程和施工（AEC），汽车，航空航天，牙科和<a href="http://medicine.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">医疗</a>产业，教育，地理信息系统，土木工程，和许多其他领域的。</p> <p><a href="http://www.oecr.com/data/attachment/portal/201211/15/094120vyzyviyoj4mo46v5.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.oecr.com/data/attachment/portal/201211/15/094120vyzyviyoj4mo46v5.jpg"></a></p> <p>最早的3D打印出现在上个世纪的80年代，价格极其昂贵且所能打印的产品数量也少得可怜。<br><br>过程原理： 3D打印技术每一层的打印过程分为两步，首先在需要成型的区域喷洒一层特殊胶水，胶水液滴本身很小，且不易扩散。然后是喷洒一层均匀的粉末，粉末遇到胶水会迅速固化黏结，而没有胶水的区域仍保持松散状态。这样在一层胶水一层粉末的交替下，实体模型将会被“打印”成型，打印完毕后只要扫除松散的粉末即可 “刨”出模型，而剩余粉末还可循环利用。<br><br>3D打印技术使用胶水和粉末都是经过处理的特殊材料，不仅对固化反应速度有要求，对于模型强度以及“打印”分辨率都有直接影响。<br><br>技术优势： 3D打印技术最突出的优点是无需<a href="http://machine.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">机械</a><a href="http://optics.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">加工</a>或任何模具，就能直接从计算机图形数据中生成任何形状的零件，从而极大地缩短产品的研制周期，提高生产率和降低生产成本。与传统技术相比，三维打印技术还拥有如下优势：<br><br>通过摒弃生产线而降低了成本，大幅减少了材料浪费。而且，它还可以制造出传统生产技术无法制造出的外形，让人们可以更有效地设计出飞机机翼或热交换器。另外，在具有良好设计概念和设计过程的情况下，三维打印技术还可以简化生产制造过程，快速有效又廉价地生产出单个物品。<br><br>另外，与机器制造出的零件相比，打印出来的产品的重量要轻60％，并且同样坚固。</p> <div><font color="#808080" size="2"><img 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