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type="text/css"></style> <div id="ct" class="ct2 wp cl"> <div class="mn"> <div class="bm_haa cl"> <div class="bm_h cl"> <a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=rss&catid=62" class="y xi2 rss" target="_blank" title="RSS">订阅</a><h1 class="xs2">文章</h1> </div></div> <div class="kjkjb"> <div class="bm vw" style="margin-bottom:0;"> <div class="h hm"> <div class="zxtoux"><img src="http://www.oecr.com/uc_server/avatar.php?uid=54876&size=small" /></div> <h1 class="ph">光伏并网逆变器工作原理 </h1> <p class="xg1"> 时间：2021-11-17 10:37<a class="zz" href="home.php?mod=space&uid=54876">作者：update</a> 阅读<em id="_viewnum">(1360)</em> 评论: <a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=comment&id=9357&idtype=aid" title="查看全部评论"><em id="_commentnum">5</em></a>来自: 网络平台</p> <div class="zxfb" ><a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=rss&catid=62" class="y xi2 rss" target="_blank" title="RSS">订阅</a></div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarytop]--><div id="diysummarytop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="s"> <div class="ss"><div><span>导读： </span>光伏并网逆变器是光伏发电系统中必不可少的关键部件，主要应用在太阳能光伏发电领域的专用逆变电源，并网逆变器将太阳能电池板产生的交流电通过电力电子转换技术变换为能够直接划入电网的交流电。</div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarybottom]--><div id="diysummarybottom" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="d"> <!--[diy=diycontenttop]--><div id="diycontenttop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="vwtb"><tr><td id="article_content"><div> <a href="http://solar.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">光伏</a>并网逆变器是光伏发电系统中必不可少的关键部件，主要应用在<a href="http://solar.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">太阳能</a>光伏发电领域的专用逆变电源，并网逆变器将太阳能电池板产生的交流电通过电力<a href="http://electronic.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">电子</a>转换技术变换为能够直接划入电网的交流电。</div><div><br></div><div> 下面一起来了解下光伏并网逆变器工作原理，和在光伏发电系统的作用。</div><div><br></div><div> 一、光伏并网逆变器的工作原理</div><div><br></div><div> 当公用电网断电时，电网侧相当于短路状态，此时并网运行的逆变器将由于过载而自动保护。当微处理器检测到过载时，除封锁SPWM信号外，还将断开与电网连接的断路器，此时若太阳能电池阵列有能量输出，逆变器将在单独运行状态下运行。单独运行时控制相对简单，即为交流电压的负反馈状态，微处理器通过检测逆变器输出电压并与参考电压（通常为220V）比较，然后控制PWM输出占空比，实现逆变和稳压运行。</div><div><br></div><div> 当然，单独运行的前提是太阳能电池阵列在当时能够提供足够的功率。若负载太大或日照条件较差，则逆变器无法输出足够的功率，太阳能电池阵列的端电压即会下降，从而使输出交流电压降低而进入低压保护状态。当电网恢复供电时，将自动切换至回馈状态。</div><div><br></div><div> 二、光伏并网逆变器的作用</div><div><br></div><div> 逆变器不仅具有直交流变换功能，还具有ZUI大限度地发挥太阳电池性能的功能和系统故障保护功能。归纳起来有自动运行和停机功能、ZUI大功率跟踪控制功能、防单独运行功能（并网系统用）、自动电压调整功能（并网系统用）、直流检测功能（并网系统用）、直流接地检测功能（并网系统用）。</div><div><br></div><div> 1、自动运行和停机功能</div><div><br></div><div> 早晨日出后，太阳辐射强度逐渐增强，太阳电池的输出也随之增大，当达到逆变器工作所需的输出功率后，逆变器即自动开始运行。进入运行后，逆变器便时时刻刻监视太阳电池组件的输出，只要太阳电池组件的输出功率大于逆变器工作所需的输出功率，逆变器就持续运行；直到日落停机，即使阴雨天逆变器也能运行。当太阳电池组件输出变小，逆变器输出接近0时，逆变器便形成待机状态。</div><div><br></div><div> 2、ZUI大功率跟踪控制功能</div><div><br></div><div> 太阳电池组件的输出是随太阳辐射强度和太阳电池组件自身温度（芯片温度）而变化的。另外由于太阳电池组件具有电压随电流增大而下降的特性，因此存在能获取ZUI大功率的ZUI佳工作点。太阳辐射强度是变化着的，显然ZUI佳工作点也是在变化的。相对于这些变化，始终让太阳电池组件的工作点处于ZUI大功率点，系统始终从太阳电池组件获取最大功率输出，这种控制就是最大功率跟踪控制。太阳能发电系统用的逆变器的ZUI大特点就是包括了ZUI大功率点跟踪（MPPT）这一功能。</div><div><br></div><div> 3、电网检测及并网功能</div><div><br></div><div> 并网逆变器在并网发电之前，需要从电网上取电，检测电网送电的电压、频率、相序等等参数，然后调整自身发电的参数，与电网电参数同步一致，完成之后才会并网发电。</div><div><br></div><div> 4、零（低）电压穿越功能</div><div><br></div><div> 当电力系统事故或扰动，引起光伏发电站并网点电压出现电压暂降，在一定的电压跌落范围内和时间间隔内，光伏发电站能够保证不脱网连续运行。</div><div><br></div><div> 5、孤岛效应的检测及控制</div><div><br></div><div> 在正常发电时，光伏并网发电系统连接在大电网上，向电网输送有功功率，但是，当电网失电时，光伏并网发电系统可能还在持续工作，并和本地负载处于独立运行状态，这种现象被称为孤岛效应。逆变器出现孤岛效应时，会对人身安全，电网运行，逆变器本身造成极大的安全隐患，因此逆变器入网标准规定，光伏并网逆变器必须有孤岛效应的检测及控制功能。</div><div><br></div><div><div 0px;"="" 255);"="" 255,="" rgb(255,="" simsun;="" yahei",="" microsoft="" style="overflow-wrap: normal; color: rgb(143, 143, 143); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 28px; font-family: 微软雅黑;"><span style="overflow-wrap: 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