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<div class="ss"><div><span>导读： </span>分光光度计有很多优点，但用久了就难免会出现各种故障，以下是对分光光度计使用中的一些故障作出总结。</div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarybottom]--><div id="diysummarybottom" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="d"> <!--[diy=diycontenttop]--><div id="diycontenttop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="vwtb"><tr><td id="article_content"><div> 分光光度计有很多优点，但用久了就难免会出现各种故障，以下是对分光光度计使用中的一些故障作出总结。</div><div><br></div><div><p style="text-align: center; "><a href="data/attachment/portal/202108/11/093934vz5ot2e3a3y5klev.png" target="_blank"><img src="data/attachment/portal/202108/11/093934vz5ot2e3a3y5klev.png"></a></p></div><div><br></div><div> 1，光谱带宽变差</div><div><br></div><div> 首先要确定狭缝宽度是否设置太宽，现在大部分的仪器狭缝宽度是可以调节的。在确定狭缝宽度合适的情况下，观察光源的亮度是否正常、是否有闪烁，可以确定仪器电源电压部分是否正常。</div><div><br></div><div> 在光源正常的情况下，可以拆开主机,观察光学系统是否有失调现象，如光源位置变动、反射镜移位或松动、光电接收器移位、反射镜面反射率因积尘降低等。到后面，排查检测器灵敏度下降、光电管性能不稳、放大<a href="http://electronic.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">电路</a>噪比降低等。</div><div><br></div><div> 2，波长准确度、重复性变差</div><div><br></div><div> 首先要排除工作环境温度变化太大造成的影响，对棱镜式分光光度计温度影响尤为明显。</div><div><br></div><div> 在排除后，可以用白卡纸置于比色皿位置，观察580nm波长处白卡纸上是否为黄色光斑。</div><div><br></div><div> 拆开仪器，观察光路中的色散元件(棱镜或光栅)是否有移位，调节波长时观察棱镜台或光栅台转轴配合是否松动或阻滞、波长凸轮或正弦机构是否有磨损,反射镜面反射率因积尘降低等。</div><div><br></div><div> 3，透射比准确度、重复性变差</div><div><br></div><div> 透射比准确度、重复性变差是仪器测光特性恶化的主要表现，往往是<a href="http://electronic.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">电子</a>系统的工作稳定性变差引起。</div><div><br></div><div> 由于光源供电电源不稳定，会造成光源<a href="http://light.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">发光</a>特性变化，可以通过观察光源灯亮度和监测光源灯电压判别；光电检测器部分工作电压波动，会导致同样的光强度下产生的电信号发生变化，可以通过监测光电检测器部分电压判别；放大器工作点漂移或信噪比下降，也会导致透射比准确度、重复性变差等。</div><div><br></div><div> 在仪器使用方面，如不严格按操作规程进行测定、仪器工作参数（如狭缝宽度、响应速度、扫描速度等参数)选择不合适、比色皿槽定位不准及安放位置和角度不当自然也会招致透射比测定误差。</div><div><br></div><div> 4，基线弯曲</div><div><br></div><div> 发现仪器100%弯曲后，应首先检查光源部分是否移位、松动、倾斜，如有毛病必须仔细调整或换用新部件。</div><div><br></div><div> 若肯定光源部分无故障后，可用白卡纸在人射狭缝前检查光斑情况。如有散焦、偏位、切割、不对称等情况，应检査和调整聚光系统中的反射镜工作位置。</div><div><br></div><div> 如有光束偏位、不重叠、亮度不均匀等情况，就得仔细检查各反射镜或色散元件有否移位或松动现象，并逐项调整之。</div><div><br></div><div> 5，透射比不能调100%</div><div><br></div><div> 主要原因是光源亮度不足，导致光能量强度不够，可能是光源供电电压或光源灯老发所致，这可以通过观察光源灯亮度是否正常、灯玻璃是否有灯丝蒸发而形成的黑斑，及<a href="http://opticaltest.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">测量</a>其供电电压是否正常来判别。</div><div><br></div><div> 但部分仪器为保证光谱的纯度，在光路的光源灯至透光狭缝之前有一组滤光片，先期滤除部分光谱，再经单色器产生特定波长的光谱。当滤光片发生移位、错位时，可导致某段波长下透射比不能调100%。</div><div><br></div><div> 在长期潮湿环境下使用的仪器，滤光片上可能产生霉斑、污垢，同样导致光能量不足，同样可出现某段波长下不能调100%。这可以通过观察光路中相关部件的外观可以判别。</div><div><br></div><div> 当光电池、光电管、光电倍增管严重老化时也出现透射比不能调100%,但这是全波长范围内的，可以通过观察光电管的光窗附近是否变色来判别。</div><div><br></div><div><div microsoft="" yahei",="" simsun;="" background-color:="" rgb(255,="" 255,="" 255);"="" text-indent:="" 0px;"="" style="overflow-wrap: normal; color: rgb(143, 143, 143); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: 微软雅黑; text-indent: 28px;"><span style="overflow-wrap: 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class="xg1 xw0">2021-8-11 09:39</span> </dt> <dd>光电行业前景挺好啊。</dd> </dl><a name="comment_anchor_30844"></a> <dl id="comment_30844_li" class="ptm pbm bbda cl"> <dt class="mbm"> <span class="y xw0 xi2"> <a href="javascript:;" onclick="portal_comment_requote(30844, '9289');">引用</a> </span> <a href="http://club.oecr.com/space-uid-62095.html" class="xi2 xw1" c="1">shengjuzuo</a> <span class="xg1 xw0">2021-8-11 09:39</span> </dt> <dd>真心不错的文章。</dd> </dl><a name="comment_anchor_30843"></a> <dl id="comment_30843_li" class="ptm pbm bbda cl"> <dt class="mbm"> <span class="y xw0 xi2"> <a href="javascript:;" onclick="portal_comment_requote(30843, '9289');">引用</a> </span> <a href="http://club.oecr.com/space-uid-91806.html" class="xi2 xw1" c="1">helix</a> <span class="xg1 xw0">2021-8-11 09:39</span> </dt> <dd>光电工程师社区，我喜欢！</dd> </dl><a name="comment_anchor_30842"></a> <dl id="comment_30842_li" class="ptm pbm bbda cl"> <dt class="mbm"> <span class="y xw0 xi2"> <a href="javascript:;" 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