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type="text/css"></style> <div id="ct" class="ct2 wp cl"> <div class="mn"> <div class="bm_haa cl"> <div class="bm_h cl"> <a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=rss&catid=62" class="y xi2 rss" target="_blank" title="RSS">订阅</a><h1 class="xs2">文章</h1> </div></div> <div class="kjkjb"> <div class="bm vw" style="margin-bottom:0;"> <div class="h hm"> <div class="zxtoux"><img src="http://www.oecr.com/uc_server/avatar.php?uid=54876&size=small" /></div> <h1 class="ph">国外科学家利用激光制造特定超声场 </h1> <p class="xg1"> 时间：2017-3-27 10:14<a class="zz" href="home.php?mod=space&uid=54876">作者：update</a> 阅读<em id="_viewnum">(754)</em> 评论: <a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=comment&id=5541&idtype=aid" title="查看全部评论"><em id="_commentnum">5</em></a></p> <div class="zxfb" ><a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=rss&catid=62" class="y xi2 rss" target="_blank" title="RSS">订阅</a></div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarytop]--><div id="diysummarytop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="s"> <div class="ss"><div><span>导读： </span>近日，英国伦敦大学学院（UCL）的科学家们研究出了一种制造特定超声场的方法，不需要用到声换能器就能实现多重、最大限度地聚焦。</div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarybottom]--><div id="diysummarybottom" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="d"> <!--[diy=diycontenttop]--><div id="diycontenttop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="vwtb"><tr><td id="article_content"><div> 近日，英国伦敦大学学院（UCL）的科学家们研究出了一种制造特定超声场的方法，不需要用到声换能器就能实现多重、最大限度地聚焦。该方法用6<a href="http://material.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">纳米</a>宽的<a href="http://laser.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">激光</a>脉冲照射到一个3D打印的物体上，物体表面已经被喷涂了光吸收<a href="http://material.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">材料</a>，从而产生特定结构的声场。研究人员相信这个技术将会比常用的声能转换器阵列便宜得多，并将在<a href="http://theory.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">物理</a>学和生物医学上得到大量应用。</div><div><br></div><div><div style="line-height: 25.2px;"><font color="#808000" size="4" style="line-height: 25.2px;"><b> 推荐阅读</b></font></div><div style="line-height: 25.2px;"> <font size="3"> <a href="http://www.oecr.com/article-5333.html"><font color="#800080"><b>解密！白色激光创造难度大的原因</b></font></a></font></div><div style="line-height: 25.2px;"><span style="line-height: 1.8em;"><font size="3"> <a href="http://www.oecr.com/article-5305.html"><font color="#800080"><b>创造世界新记录：科学家研制“超级激光”</b></font></a></font></span></div></div><div><br></div><div><font color="#f00000"><b> 聚焦声音</b></font></div><div><br></div><div> <a href="http://theory.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">理论</a>上产生任意形状的声场是非常容易的一件事，例如在不同位置有多个焦点的声学设备或者特定的连续结构声场等，这在许多领域都会得到应用，小到实验室中的微粒和生物细胞碎片的操控，大到诊室中的超声治疗和神经刺激。但是从理论模型到实际操作却是很艰难的。</div><div><br></div><div><p style="text-align: center;"><a href="data/attachment/portal/201703/27/101510tggy1daxtj6xt7jk.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="data/attachment/portal/201703/27/101510tggy1daxtj6xt7jk.jpg"></a></p><p style="text-align: center;"><br></p><p style="text-align: center;"><a href="data/attachment/portal/201703/27/101518ckzks1n82azb7kky.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="data/attachment/portal/201703/27/101518ckzks1n82azb7kky.jpg"></a></p></div><div><br></div><div> 传统的超声波是由压电材料制成的压电转化器将电能转换成高频振动，从而产生声场。利用这种技术产生多焦点或有结构的声场需要复杂的压电转换器阵列以及复杂的<a href="http://electronic.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">电路</a>，成本高昂。</div><div><br></div><div><font color="#f00000"><b> 光声透镜</b></font></div><div><br></div><div> 该研究小组利用光脉冲解决了这个问题。更具体地说，他（她）们利用光声效应，将调制光或者激光脉冲的部分能量转化成声能。研究人员解释到，如果激光脉冲照射到合适形状的物体上，得到的声场将会是多焦点的，具有紧密的特定结构超声波。</div><div><br></div><div> 首先研究人员设计了一个盘状的靶材料，盘上不同位置的垂直深度不同，利用激光脉冲产生特殊的声场需要周期性地调制这个深度。这就成了一种光声透镜——一个块状的不规则表面，光作为输入信号，从而产生特定结构的声场。接着他（她）们开发出一套数值算法，将用户设想的3D声场作为输入信息，计算得到产生这种声场所需的光声透镜的表面物理结构。</div><div><br></div><div><font color="#f00000"><b> “7”字形声场</b></font></div><div><br></div><div> 该小组用这个算法得到了产生“7”字形声场的样品表面轮廓。然后利用高分辨率聚合物喷射3D打印机制作出刚性的近乎透明的光声透镜，接着在其表面喷涂上吸光聚合物材料。</div><div><br></div><div> 接下来他们把透镜放置在水面上，用1064nm的YAG调Q激光器发出的6nm宽激光脉冲照射在透镜表面。脉冲通过样品产生一定形状的声场，并通过水传播到位于水底的<a href="http://sensor.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">传感</a>器。结果表明激发产生的声场结构和模型预设的声场结构极为相似——用声音写出“7”的形状。</div><div><br></div><div> 文章第一作者UCL的博士生Michael Brown表示该技术还需要进一步精确，特别是针对不同的光源。例如调制光源比脉冲激光要更有利于产生精细的声场。不过他预计这项技术将有广阔的应用前景，特别是在操控生物细胞和其它微粒方面。他说，“类似的单焦点器件已经被用于劈裂细胞团和药物输送，我们的工作将会在这方面得到应用。”</div><div><br></div><div><p style="text-align: center;"><a href="data/attachment/portal/201703/27/101425y9ef6zowv7777iqf.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="data/attachment/portal/201703/27/101425y9ef6zowv7777iqf.jpg"></a></p><p style="text-align: center;"><br></p><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="line-height: 25.2px;">欢迎关注光电<a href="http://news.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">资讯</a>微信公众号，每天将由光电工程师<a href="http://club.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">社区</a>网站(oecr.com)编辑团队为您精选行业动态，科技资讯，技术解析，光电<a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=list&catid=62" target="_blank" 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cl"> <dt class="mbm"> <span class="y xw0 xi2"> <a href="javascript:;" onclick="portal_comment_requote(11888, '5541');">引用</a> </span> <a href="http://club.oecr.com/space-uid-40460.html" class="xi2 xw1" c="1">tianyake</a> <span class="xg1 xw0">2017-3-27 16:28</span> </dt> <dd>刚入门，学习来了。</dd> </dl><a name="comment_anchor_11882"></a> <dl id="comment_11882_li" class="ptm pbm bbda cl"> <dt class="mbm"> <span class="y xw0 xi2"> <a href="javascript:;" onclick="portal_comment_requote(11882, '5541');">引用</a> </span> <a href="http://club.oecr.com/space-uid-62372.html" class="xi2 xw1" c="1">walkman601</a> <span class="xg1 xw0">2017-3-27 13:28</span> </dt> <dd>我爱光学</dd> </dl></div> </div> <!--[diy=diycontentcomment]--><div id="diycontentcomment" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> </div> <div class="sd pph"> <div class="drag"> <!--[diy=diyrighttop]--><div id="diyrighttop" class="area"><div id="frameorJGGx" class="sy_ltdr frame move-span cl frame-1"><div class="frame-title title"><span 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