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type="text/css"></style> <div id="ct" class="ct2 wp cl"> <div class="mn"> <div class="bm_haa cl"> <div class="bm_h cl"> <a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=rss&catid=62" class="y xi2 rss" target="_blank" title="RSS">订阅</a><h1 class="xs2">文章</h1> </div></div> <div class="kjkjb"> <div class="bm vw" style="margin-bottom:0;"> <div class="h hm"> <div class="zxtoux"><img src="http://www.oecr.com/uc_server/avatar.php?uid=54876&size=small" /></div> <h1 class="ph">分布式光伏业主科普大全 </h1> <p class="xg1"> 时间：2017-1-4 09:42<a class="zz" href="home.php?mod=space&uid=54876">作者：update</a> 阅读<em id="_viewnum">(2363)</em> 评论: <a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=comment&id=5216&idtype=aid" title="查看全部评论"><em id="_commentnum">5</em></a></p> <div class="zxfb" ><a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=rss&catid=62" class="y xi2 rss" target="_blank" title="RSS">订阅</a></div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarytop]--><div id="diysummarytop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="s"> <div class="ss"><div><span>导读： </span>这篇文章是史上最强分布式光伏业主科普大全，很值得各位业主们收藏。</div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarybottom]--><div id="diysummarybottom" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="d"> <!--[diy=diycontenttop]--><div id="diycontenttop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="vwtb"><tr><td id="article_content"><div> <b>分布式<a href="http://solar.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">光伏</a>业主<a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=list&catid=62" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">科普</a>大全</b>。光伏发电系统的核心部件是光伏组件,而光伏组件又是由光伏电池串、并联并封装而成，它将太阳的光能直接转化为电能，光伏组件产生的电为直流电，我们可以利用也可以用逆变器将其转换成为交流电加以利用。下面的这些科普<a href="http://theory.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">资料</a>值得收藏。</div><div><br></div><div><div><div style="line-height: 25.2px;"><span style="line-height: 25.2px;"><b><font color="#f00000"> 【相关推荐】</font></b></span></div><div style="line-height: 25.2px;"><b style="line-height: 25.2px;"><font color="#0000f0"> </font></b><span style="line-height: 25.2px;"><a href="http://www.oecr.com/article-5151.html"><font color="#0000f0"><b>怎么安全使用集中式光伏逆变器</b></font></a></span></div><div><font color="#0000f0"><b><span style="line-height: 25.2px;"> </span><a href="http://www.oecr.com/article-5101.html"><font color="#0000f0">光伏电站开发模式大全</font></a></b></font></div><div style="line-height: 25.2px;"><br></div></div></div><div><p style="text-align: center;"><a href="data/attachment/portal/201701/04/093412p9a0jd6j9jrdzfjr.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="data/attachment/portal/201701/04/093412p9a0jd6j9jrdzfjr.jpg"></a></p></div><div><br></div><div><b> 【基础知识篇】</b></div><div><br></div><div> 1、什么是分布式光伏发电？</div><div><br></div><div> 分布式光伏发电是指在用户场地附近建设，运行方式以用户侧自发自用为主，多余电量上网，但在配电系统平衡调节为特性的光伏发电设施。</div><div><br></div><div> 2、光伏发电的系统有哪些部件构成？</div><div><br></div><div> 光伏发电系统由光伏方阵、控制器、蓄电池组、直流/交流逆变器等部分组成。</div><div><br></div><div> 光伏发电系统的核心部件是光伏组件,而光伏组件又是由光伏电池串、并联并封装而成，它将太阳的光能直接转化为电能，光伏组件产生的电为直流电，我们可以利用也可以用逆变器将其转换成为交流电加以利用，从另一个角度来看对于光伏系统产生的电能可以即发即用，也可以用蓄电池等储能装置将电能存放起来，根据需要随时释放出来使用。</div><div><br></div><div> 3、什么是“自发自用，余电上网”？</div><div><br></div><div> 自发自用余电上网是指分布式光伏发电系统所发电力主要由电力用户自己使用，多余电量接入电网。目前，该模式是家庭分布式光伏的主流模式。</div><div><br></div><div> 4、什么是“光伏上网标杆电价”政策？</div><div><br></div><div> 光伏上网标杆电价政策是根据光伏发电的当前成本，并考虑合理利润后制定的电价，光伏项目开发商以这样的价格将光伏电量出售给电网<a href="http://b.oecr.com/company" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">企业</a>。</div><div><br></div><div> 其中高出当地脱硫煤火电机组上网标杆电价的差额部分来取全网分摊的办法对电网企业进行回补，光伏上网标杆电价政策主要适用于大型光伏电站。</div><div><br></div><div> 5、什么是“单位电量定额补貼”政策？</div><div><br></div><div> 单位电量定额补贴政策简称度电补贴政策，就是按光伏系统所发出的电量进行补贴，主要适用于分布式光伏发电系统。</div><div><br></div><div> 分布式发电采用度电补贴政策特点是自发自用，余电上网。</div><div><br></div><div> <b>【业主应用篇】</b></div><div><br></div><div> 1、业主在申请家庭分布式光伏并网发电的时候需要哪些资料？</div><div><br></div><div> 证件一：上海市房地产权证</div><div><br></div><div> 由于涉及到补贴及售电，因此安装的房屋一定是业主自持的房屋，具有法律效应的房产证。</div><div><br></div><div> 证件二:业主身份证及户口簿复印件</div><div><br></div><div> 身份证及户口簿所属人需要与房产证保持一致</div><div><br></div><div> 证件三：业主银行卡复印件</div><div><br></div><div> 由于补贴及售电费用都是由电力公司直接汇款，因此银行卡持有人也必须要与其他证件的持有人一致，支持银行有农业银行、工商银行以及建设银行（全都需要是上海本地银行卡），提交的<a href="http://material.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">材料</a>中一定要将支行信息填写完整。</div><div><br></div><div> 证件四：分布式光伏发电项目并网申请表</div><div><br></div><div> 这是最为重要的步骤啦，申请表中包含所有项目信息，由业主本人填写。</div><div><br></div><div> 证件五：小区物业同意证明书</div><div><br></div><div> 最后就是物业小区的同意证明书啦，所有材料准备完毕。</div><div><br></div><div> 所有材料提交完毕之后，通常会在15个工作日之内审核完毕，之后就正式进入屋顶发电环节啦！</div><div><br></div><div> 2、家庭分布式光伏申请并网发电有哪些步骤？</div><div><br></div><div> 分布式项目业主在准备好相关资料后向电网公司地市或县客户报务中心提交接入申请，客户服务中心协助项目业主填写接入申请表，接入申请受理后在电网公司承诺的时限内，客户服务中心将通知项目业主确认接入系统方案，项目建成后业主向客户服务中心提出并网验收和调试申请，电网企业将完成电能计量装置安装，购售电合同及调度协议签订，并网验收及调试工作，之后项目即可并网发电。</div><div><br></div><div><p style="text-align: center;"><a href="data/attachment/portal/201701/04/093808fvc5xqxrla1mrh14.png" target="_blank"><img src="data/attachment/portal/201701/04/093808fvc5xqxrla1mrh14.png"></a></p></div><div><br></div><div> 3、业主如何获得国家和地方补贴收益？</div><div><br></div><div> ⑴业主与国家电网签署协议</div><div><br></div><div> ⑵绑定业主的私人银行账户</div><div><br></div><div> ⑶国家电力系统验收</div><div><br></div><div> ⑷费用季度入账（由国家电网支付）</div><div><br></div><div> <b>【后期运维篇】</b></div><div><br></div><div> 1、分布式光伏发电系统的使用寿命有多长？</div><div><br></div><div> 目前，分布式光伏发电的使用寿命在20年—25年。</div><div><br></div><div> 2、光伏发电系统对用户有电磁福射危害吗?</div><div><br></div><div> 光伏发电系统是根据光产生伏打效应原理将<a href="http://solar.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">太阳能</a>转换为电能，无污染、无辐射，逆变器、配电柜等<a href="http://electronic.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">电子</a>器件都通过EMC(电磁兼容性)<a href="http://opticaltest.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">测试</a>，所以对人体没有危害。</div><div><br></div><div> 3、雷雨防雷天气需要断开光伏发电系统吗?</div><div><br></div><div> 分布式光伏发电系统都装有防雷装置，所以不用断开。为了安全保险建议可以选择断开汇流箱的断路器开关，切断与光伏组件的<a href="http://electronic.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">电路</a>连接，避免防雷模块无法去除的直击雷产生危害，运维人员应及时检测防雷模块的性能，以避免防雷模块失效产生的危害。</div><div><br></div><div> 4、下雪天后，光伏组件需要维护吗？</div><div><br></div><div> 雪后组件上如果堆积有厚重积雪是需要清洁的，可以利用柔软物品将雪推下，注意不要划伤玻璃，组件是有一定承重的，但是不能踩在组件上面清扫，会造成组件隐蔽损坏，影响组件寿命，一般建议不要等积雪过厚在清洗，以免组件过度结冰。</div><div><br></div><div> 5、后期运维多久一次比较合适？</div><div><br></div><div> 后期运维主要是擦拭组件，在不同地区运维次数不同。一般在雨水较多的地方，不需要人工擦拭。雨水较少的地方和降尘量较大的地区可以增加清洁的次数。</div><div><br></div><div> 看完上面的分布式光伏业主科普大全后，各位业主是不是有很多的收获了呢？您可以收藏这篇文章，有兴趣的朋友们还可以在光电<a href="http://bbs.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">论坛</a>上面分享相关的心得。</div><div><br></div><div><p style="text-align: center;"><a href="data/attachment/portal/201701/04/093927abw9u48ebp4981kb.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="data/attachment/portal/201701/04/093927abw9u48ebp4981kb.jpg"></a></p><p style="text-align: center;"><br></p><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="line-height: 25.2px;">欢迎关注光电<a href="http://news.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">资讯</a>微信公众号，每天将由光电工程师<a 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