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type="text/css"></style> <div id="ct" class="ct2 wp cl"> <div class="mn"> <div class="bm_haa cl"> <div class="bm_h cl"> <a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=rss&catid=62" class="y xi2 rss" target="_blank" title="RSS">订阅</a><h1 class="xs2">文章</h1> </div></div> <div class="kjkjb"> <div class="bm vw" style="margin-bottom:0;"> <div class="h hm"> <div class="zxtoux"><img src="http://www.oecr.com/uc_server/avatar.php?uid=54876&size=small" /></div> <h1 class="ph">放大镜和老花镜的区别？家里的老人有科学佩戴老花镜吗？ </h1> <p class="xg1"> 时间：2016-3-15 15:53<a class="zz" href="home.php?mod=space&uid=54876">作者：update</a> 阅读<em id="_viewnum">(1994)</em> 评论: <a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=comment&id=4178&idtype=aid" title="查看全部评论"><em id="_commentnum">6</em></a></p> <div class="zxfb" ><a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=rss&catid=62" class="y xi2 rss" target="_blank" title="RSS">订阅</a></div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarytop]--><div id="diysummarytop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="s"> <div class="ss"><div><span>导读： </span>老花镜和放大镜有什么区别呢？他们二者有哪些异同呢？老人们既然能拿着放大镜看报纸，那能不能直接将放大镜做成老花镜戴在眼睛上呢？更重要的是，老人们能随便佩戴老花镜吗？带着这些问题，小编重新温习了以前的物理 ...</div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarybottom]--><div id="diysummarybottom" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="d"> <!--[diy=diycontenttop]--><div id="diycontenttop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="vwtb"><tr><td id="article_content"><div>现在，家里的老人在读书、看报、十字绣时都少不了要戴上老花镜，别小瞧他们的视力，和你这个近视眼相比，他们看远处的东西比你清楚哦<img src="http://www.oecr.com/static/image/smiley/comcom/3.gif" style="line-height: 1.8em;">，不信回家和他们比试比试！</div><div><br></div><div>在这里，小编有好多个问题要问，老花镜和放大镜有什么区别呢？<span style="line-height: 25.2px;">他们二者有哪些异同呢？</span><span style="line-height: 1.8em;">老人们既然能拿着放大镜看报纸，那能不能直接将放大镜做成老花镜戴在眼睛上呢？更重要的是，老人们能随便佩戴老花镜吗？</span><span style="line-height: 25.2px;">带着这些问题，小编重新温习了以前的<a href="http://theory.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">物理</a>书然后也问了问度娘，果然孔子说得没错“温故而知新”，今日就将新学的知识和大家分享分享。</span></div><div><span style="line-height: 25.2px;"><br></span></div><div>摸过这两种镜片的可以感觉到，老花镜和放大镜都是中间厚、边缘薄的凸透镜，他们都是根据光的折射原理制成的，而学过物理也知道，凸透镜都有汇聚光的作用，故又称聚焦镜。</div><div style="text-align: center;"><p style="line-height: 25.2px;"><a href="http://www.oecr.com/data/attachment/portal/201603/15/165140qvhz3lxxb8l2dtru.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.oecr.com/data/attachment/portal/201603/15/165140qvhz3lxxb8l2dtru.jpg"></a></p><p style="line-height: 25.2px;">用放大镜聚光来点火，想必很多人小时候都玩过.</p></div><div><b>先简单的回顾下焦点的概念</b></div><div><b><br></b></div><div>将平行光线（如阳光）平行于主光轴（凸透镜两个球面的球心的连线）射入凸透镜，经过凸透镜折射后将集中在轴上的一点，称为凸透镜的焦点F，凸透镜在镜的两侧各有一焦点，对于较薄的凸透镜这两焦点至透镜中心（光心）的距离大致相等，称为凸透镜的焦距，凸透镜球面半径越小，焦距越短。</div><div><br></div><div><b>再看看凸透镜的成像原理</b></div><div><b><br></b></div><div style="text-align: center;"><img src="http://www.oecr.com/data/attachment/portal/201603/15/162041wnq22zrpy3zva294.png"></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br></div><div>同一物体放在不同位置通过凸透镜将成不同的像，如上图：</div><div>1）当物体在凸透镜焦距以内（如图中A点），呈一个正向放大的虚像，如放大镜。</div><div>2）当物体在凸透镜1倍焦距至2倍焦距之间（如图中B点）,呈一个倒立放大的实像，如投影幻灯机。</div><div>3）当物体在凸透镜2倍焦距以外（如图中D点）,呈一个倒立缩小的实像，如<a href="http://display.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">照相</a>机。</div><div>从凸透镜成像规律不难看出，在使用放大镜时必须把物体放在焦距以内，这时通过凸透镜看到的便是物体放大的虚像，而且放大镜离物体越远，虚像越大；越是放大倍数高的放大镜，需要透镜中心厚度也越厚的，镜片面积可以越小。作为阅读用的放大镜一般不需要太高的倍数，镜片相对来说也会稍大一些，这样可拥有较大的视野以方便阅读，如果物距超过1倍焦距之外，则像将变成倒立，且需要在另一面才可以观察到。</div><div><br></div><div><b>眼睛的成像原理</b></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div style="text-align: center;"><p><a href="data/attachment/portal/201603/15/162336wvzs19hfv0o2v3ad.png" target="_blank"><img src="data/attachment/portal/201603/15/162336wvzs19hfv0o2v3ad.png"></a></p></div><div><br></div><div>眼睛晶状体相当于一个凸透镜，它也是利用物距大于2倍焦距时成倒立缩小实像的原理来工作的，如图四所示，不过，眼睛看远处物体或是近处物体不是靠改变物距或者像距来实现的（因为晶状体与视网膜的距离基本上是不变的）；它是通过睫状肌伸缩改变晶状体的凸凹程度来改变自身焦距从而使像准确地落在视网膜上，视网膜上的光照通过神经发送给大脑解析出这是什么“物体”。</div><div><br></div><div>了解了一些成像的基本原理，对于放大镜和老花镜的区别就能更好的理解了。</div><div><br></div><div>一般人40岁以后随着人眼的晶状体逐渐纤维硬化，睫状肌伸缩性能减弱，使得眼球变短，晶状体系统的聚焦能力也减弱，结果是看远处物体较清晰，看近处物体却模糊，这时的眼睛状态就称为老花眼；借助凸透镜的聚光作用可以通过配戴老花镜来补充调节从而让物体的像落在视网膜上（如图五）。</div><div><br></div><div>放大镜主要是将事物成像放大让人看的更清楚，不是用来矫正视力的，正常人眼看细微的东西也可以用放大镜；而老花镜是根据个人眼球屈光度不同而验配的，以便让物体的像更好的成像于视网膜上，达到看清事物的目的。</div><div><br></div><div>放大镜和老花镜都属于凸透镜，如果将常用的放大镜折合成老花镜度数的话，相当于1000—2000度（眼镜度数等于焦距倒数的100倍），显然是不适合个人的，如果长期使用放大镜代替老花镜的话，会造成眼睛酸涩、肿胀、头痛等，严重的甚至会损害眼睛，所以老花镜需要在专业验光后科学配制，不可随意乱带老花镜，放大镜只适合短时间使用以及在某些特殊的场合使用，而科学佩戴老花镜是可以适合多种场合。</div><div><br></div><div>看完了这些，想想家里的老人有没自己随便买老花镜的情况呢？如有就赶快告诉他们，或带他们去正规店里，经过科学验光后，再配合适的老花镜吧！</div><div style="text-align: center;"><p><a 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