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class="ss"><div><span>导读： </span>煤的内能是6,150千瓦时/吨。虽然燃煤发电机的效率很高，但是它们仍然受到热力学定律的限制。只有大约40%的煤的内能转化为电能。因此每吨煤的发电量为0.4x6,150千瓦时，即2,460千瓦时/吨。</div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarybottom]--><div id="diysummarybottom" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="d"> <!--[diy=diycontenttop]--><div id="diycontenttop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="vwtb"><tr><td id="article_content">我们先来计算一下电灯泡每年需要多少千瓦时的能量。我们用它的功率（千瓦）乘以一年含有的小时数。结果为0.1千瓦x8,760小时，即876千瓦时。<br><br>煤的内能是6,150千瓦时/吨。虽然燃煤发电机的效率很高，但是它们仍然受到热力学定律的限制。只有大约40%的煤的内能转化为电能。因此每吨煤的发电量为0.4x6,150千瓦时，即2,460千瓦时/吨。<br><br>为了知道电灯泡消耗了多少煤，我们用876千瓦时除以2,460千瓦时/吨。结果等于0.357吨。再乘以1000千克/吨，结果等于357千克煤。好大一堆煤！但是，让我们来看看为了给这个电灯泡供电而得到的其他产物。<br><br>一个典型的500兆瓦特的燃煤发电站每年的产电量为35亿千瓦时。这足够4百万个电灯泡工作一整年。为了生产这些电能，工厂要燃烧掉143万吨煤。同时还会产生：<p><a href="data/attachment/portal/201109/22/10402744iv3yi32zugrh8z.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="data/attachment/portal/201109/22/10402744iv3yi32zugrh8z.jpg"></a></p> <div><font color="#808080" size="2"><img 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