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href="home.php?mod=space&uid=54876">作者：update</a> 阅读<em id="_viewnum">(154)</em> 评论: <a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=comment&id=10017&idtype=aid" title="查看全部评论"><em id="_commentnum">5</em></a></p> <div class="zxfb" ><a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=rss&catid=61" class="y xi2 rss" target="_blank" title="RSS">订阅</a></div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarytop]--><div id="diysummarytop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="s"> <div class="ss"><div><span>导读： </span>激光器的各项应用中，光斑中心是否能准确定位一直是激光器的评价标准之一。光斑中心提取的研究和提取算法经过时间的发展已经成熟。应用最多的有重心法、霍夫变换法、圆拟合法。本文主要介绍这三种计算方法原理及其优 ...</div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarybottom]--><div id="diysummarybottom" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="d"> <!--[diy=diycontenttop]--><div id="diycontenttop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="vwtb"><tr><td id="article_content"><div> <a href="http://laser.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">激光</a>器的各项应用中，光斑中心是否能准确定位一直是激光器的评价标准之一。光斑中心提取的研究和提取算法经过时间的发展已经成熟。应用最多的有重心法、霍夫变换法、圆拟合法。本文主要介绍这三种计算方法原理及其优缺点。</div><div><br></div><div> 一、灰度重心法</div><div><br></div><div> 灰度重心法要先将彩色的光斑图变成单通道的灰度图，对于灰度图用重心法提取光斑更加简单。其原理为根据公式对图像灰度值加权，重心及为中心。这种方法计算简单，但缺点是受背景光影响大，当背景光太强时，对计算结果产生严重干扰。此外光斑灰度值分布不均匀、分布梯度大，光斑形状不对称，也不适合该方法。</div><div><br></div><div> 二、圆拟合法</div><div><br></div><div> 虽然采集的光斑图像不是标准的圆形，却可以经过某种变换，将光斑拟合，求得中心，其中最有效的方式便是最小二乘法。圆拟合法计算光斑中心，只利用了光斑边缘处灰度值，边缘情况对计算结果影响很大，且光斑越接近圆形，拟合效果越好，计算精度越高。</div><div><br></div><div> 三、Hough变换法</div><div><br></div><div> Hough变换法是将实际目标图像的每个像素点通过某种变换方法对应到新的空间，对像素值统计并累加计算，排列后，记录最大峰值。</div><div><br></div><div> Hough变换法，需要用到每个像素点的值，不能缺少否则影响计算结果。而且根据就近原则对参数投票时，得到的最多票数的点可能不是唯一的，导致得到的曲线方程也不是唯一的，检测精度不能得到保证。而且算法中必须对图像边缘的像素点在新的空间内进行记录、投票，计算过程比较耗时。</div><div><br></div><div><p style="word-wrap: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(143, 143, 143); font-family: Tahoma, "Microsoft Yahei", Simsun; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: 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