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type="text/css"></style> <div id="ct" class="ct2 wp cl"> <div class="mn"> <div class="bm_haa cl"> <div class="bm_h cl"> <a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=rss&catid=58" class="y xi2 rss" target="_blank" title="RSS">订阅</a><h1 class="xs2">文章</h1> </div></div> <div class="kjkjb"> <div class="bm vw" style="margin-bottom:0;"> <div class="h hm"> <div class="zxtoux"><img src="http://www.oecr.com/uc_server/avatar.php?uid=54876&size=small" /></div> <h1 class="ph">天文学家首次观察到新诞生黑洞或中子星的特征 </h1> <p class="xg1"> 时间：2019-1-11 09:17<a class="zz" href="home.php?mod=space&uid=54876">作者：update</a> 阅读<em id="_viewnum">(1274)</em> 评论: <a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=comment&id=7378&idtype=aid" title="查看全部评论"><em id="_commentnum">5</em></a></p> <div class="zxfb" ><a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=rss&catid=58" class="y xi2 rss" target="_blank" title="RSS">订阅</a></div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarytop]--><div id="diysummarytop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="s"> <div class="ss"><div><span>导读： </span>据外媒The Verge报道，天文学家有史以来第一次直接观察到了远在我们银河系外的超密集天体的诞生 - 实时观察到黑洞的诞生或坍缩的恒星。</div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarybottom]--><div id="diysummarybottom" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="d"> <!--[diy=diycontenttop]--><div id="diycontenttop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="vwtb"><tr><td id="article_content"><div> 据外媒The Verge报道，天文学家有史以来第一次直接观察到了远在我们银河系外的超密集天体的诞生 - 实时观察到黑洞的诞生或坍缩的恒星。此前天文学家都是在它们形成多年后才观察到这些天体。但是现在，他们可以在早期研究这一过程，并对这些神秘现象在它们最初形成时的样子有新的见解。</div><div><br></div><div><p style="text-align: center;"><a href="data/attachment/portal/201901/11/091714dya10aqry0ir112e.png" target="_blank"><img src="data/attachment/portal/201901/11/091714dya10aqry0ir112e.png"></a></p></div><div><br></div><div> 这项发现名为“The Cow”。去年，一群天文学家在夏威夷使用凯克天文台的两台望远镜寻找瞬变-天文爆炸。在6月17日，一个令人难以置信的亮度的突然出现，并在短短两天内它已经达到了辉煌的顶峰。结果是一次恒星事件，比普通恒星爆炸或超新星亮10到100倍。</div><div><br></div><div> 起初，天文学家感到困惑。他们通常不会看到这么明亮的超新星。但经过仔细研究，他们意识到他们手上有一些特别的东西。来自爆炸核心的辐射照射在爆炸期间喷出的所有物质，<a href="http://display.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">显示</a>出他们通常无法看到的非常密集的东西。</div><div><br></div><div><p style="text-align: center;"><a href="data/attachment/portal/201901/11/091726o7m0knw6j7h3af8f.png" target="_blank"><img src="data/attachment/portal/201901/11/091726o7m0knw6j7h3af8f.png"></a></p></div><div><br></div><div> 星爆通常会在它们周围产生巨大的物质气泡，阻挡我们视线内的任何物质。但这一次，天文学家实际上可以从爆炸深处获得信号。“通常在超新星中，形成的紧凑物体是隐藏的。这是一个非常令人兴奋的不寻常事件，“Syracuse大学<a href="http://theory.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">物理</a>学教授Duncan Brown和一位没有参与这项研究的引力波研究员告诉The Verge。</div><div><br></div><div> 现在说爆炸是否会导致黑洞还为时过早。它有可能形成一种恒星残骸，称为中子星，它也非常密集。好消息是，科学家已经找到它并可以继续观察并观察它的发展。而其如何变化可能有助于重塑天文学家的<a href="http://theory.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">理论</a>，即黑洞和中子星在它们被创造之后会发生什么。“我们在数千年之后看到了它们，但我们对它们最初发生的事情一无所知，”领导这项研究的天体物理学家Rafaella Margutti告诉The Verge。</div><div><br></div><div><p style="text-align: center;"><a href="data/attachment/portal/201901/11/091737onljij73wzd0vgg3.png" target="_blank"><img src="data/attachment/portal/201901/11/091737onljij73wzd0vgg3.png"></a></p></div><div><br></div><div> Margutti和她的团队真正第一个重要线索是他们<a href="http://opticaltest.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">测量</a>了来自The Cow的X射线。他们发现了大量的“硬”X射线，其强度是普通X射线的10倍。这种信号是一些天文学家称之为“驼峰”的信号，它通常与黑洞有关。这个信号强烈暗示超新星内部的东西吞噬物质，就像黑洞经常那样。“因此，The Cow中有一些东西可以产生这些硬X射线，”Margutti表示。“这是观察中的关键信息。”她补充道：“这是我们以前从未见过的事情。”</div><div><br></div><div> Margutti和她的团队认为他们能够观察到这个物体是因为爆炸后的恒星没有在爆炸中散落出大量物质。这样，没有太多的东西来保护内部辐射不被看见。这也可以解释为什么它如此迅速地变得如此明亮。通常超新星需要数周才能达到峰值亮度。事实上，这在短短两天内变得如此明亮是非常奇怪的，这可能是因为阻挡我们视线中的光的<a href="http://material.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">材料</a>较少。至于为什么会这样，团队不确定。这可能是因为爆炸中的大部分材料可能已经落回到黑洞或中子星中。</div><div><br></div><div> 为了更真实地了解这一事件，天文学家将需要在未来几周和几个月内继续观察它。</div><div><br></div><div><p microsoft="" yahei",="" simsun;="" background-color:="" rgb(255,="" 255,="" 255);="" text-align:="" center;"="" 255);"="" 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class="xg1 xw0">2019-1-11 12:37</span> </dt> <dd>边撸边过</dd> </dl><a name="comment_anchor_21132"></a> <dl id="comment_21132_li" class="ptm pbm bbda cl"> <dt class="mbm"> <span class="y xw0 xi2"> <a href="javascript:;" onclick="portal_comment_requote(21132, '7378');">引用</a> </span> <a href="http://club.oecr.com/space-uid-11848.html" class="xi2 xw1" c="1">robt</a> <span class="xg1 xw0">2019-1-11 11:37</span> </dt> <dd>我是来学习的。</dd> </dl><a name="comment_anchor_21130"></a> <dl id="comment_21130_li" class="ptm pbm bbda cl"> <dt class="mbm"> <span class="y xw0 xi2"> <a href="javascript:;" onclick="portal_comment_requote(21130, '7378');">引用</a> </span> <a href="http://club.oecr.com/space-uid-64310.html" class="xi2 xw1" c="1">pzy3484</a> <span class="xg1 xw0">2019-1-11 10:37</span> </dt> <dd>支持你哈...................................</dd> </dl><a name="comment_anchor_21128"></a> <dl id="comment_21128_li" class="ptm pbm bbda cl"> <dt class="mbm"> <span class="y xw0 xi2"> <a href="javascript:;" 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