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type="text/css"></style> <div id="ct" class="ct2 wp cl"> <div class="mn"> <div class="bm_haa cl"> <div class="bm_h cl"> <a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=rss&catid=61" class="y xi2 rss" target="_blank" title="RSS">订阅</a><h1 class="xs2">文章</h1> </div></div> <div class="kjkjb"> <div class="bm vw" style="margin-bottom:0;"> <div class="h hm"> <div class="zxtoux"><img src="http://www.oecr.com/uc_server/avatar.php?uid=54876&size=small" /></div> <h1 class="ph">医用机器人做手术越来越靠谱 </h1> <p class="xg1"> 时间：2016-4-6 09:56<a class="zz" href="home.php?mod=space&uid=54876">作者：update</a> 阅读<em id="_viewnum">(1709)</em> 评论: <a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=comment&id=4278&idtype=aid" title="查看全部评论"><em id="_commentnum">5</em></a></p> <div class="zxfb" ><a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=rss&catid=61" class="y xi2 rss" target="_blank" title="RSS">订阅</a></div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarytop]--><div id="diysummarytop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="s"> <div class="ss"><div><span>导读： </span>医疗机器人的优势不言而喻。纵使最出色的外科医生，由于手部血管随着心跳有节律的颤动，都无法保证手术器械的完全稳定，而这一劣势被医疗机器人高精度的机电结构所补偿。医疗机器人还具有微创性，一个小的机电设备往 ...</div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarybottom]--><div id="diysummarybottom" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="d"> <!--[diy=diycontenttop]--><div id="diycontenttop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="vwtb"><tr><td id="article_content"><div><span style="line-height: 1.8em;">最近，一位名叫比利·惠特克的英国少年接受手术，摆脱了长达7年的癫痫病痛。医生让机器人钻入他的大脑，通过电极刺激大脑皮层，找出引起癫痫发作的部分，医生将病灶切除。这个手术被称为立体定向脑电，已经有过成功的案例。</span></div><div><br></div><div>不仅如此，机器人还可以在其他类型的手术中大展拳脚。一台“手术医生”机器人，必须知道“要做什么”，并能规划“如何去做”。这就需要一套高效、稳定的微<a href="http://electronic.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">电子</a>系统——包括软硬件环境（大脑）、<a href="http://sensor.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">传感</a>器（眼睛）和<a href="http://machine.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">机电</a>设备（手）。</div><div><br></div><div>“大脑”与家用台式电脑的工作原理类似。不过，<a href="http://medicine.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">医疗</a>机器人往往是基于Unix或Linux等开源操作系统开发的，以保证<a href="http://opticaldesign.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">软件</a>的稳定性。同时，医疗机器人的中央处理器功率不会很大，否则就得配个风扇、扯个电源线在人体内横冲直撞了。这种低功耗、高稳定性的设计需求，恰巧与移动电子设备殊途同归。而移动电子设备近些年的发展，为医疗机器人提供了非常宝贵的经验。</div><div><p style="text-align: center;"><a href="data/attachment/portal/201604/06/095327f8hl57l3hmcl7h5c.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="data/attachment/portal/201604/06/095327f8hl57l3hmcl7h5c.jpg"></a></p></div><div>机器人的“眼睛”通常是指一切<a href="http://theory.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">物理</a>、化学的感知仪器，比较常见的是压力传感器、视频采集装置、溶液成分检测单元。“眼睛”收集信息，传递到“大脑”，“大脑”作出决策，而决策的最终实现者，就是“手”。它一般以高聚塑料为外壳，耐酸耐碱，不易在体内留下有毒物质，并且可以达到非常高的操纵精度，完成精密的外科手术任务。在这套系统中，人工智能起到了重要作用，它能辅助医生完善医疗计划，遇到突发问题时还能自动采取应急措施，降低风险。</div><div><br></div><div>如今，一提到手术机器人，很多人首先会想到被喻为微创手术“巨无霸”的达芬奇手术机器人。据了解，作为迄今全球应用最广泛的一种手术机器人，达芬奇手术机器人累计销量自2008年超过1000台以来，连续几年保持高速增长，但是从2013年开始销量增速有所放缓。<span style="line-height: 1.8em;">“达芬奇”系统医生只需坐在<a href="http://display.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">显示</a>屏前，操纵控制杆，便能完成手术。它的最大特点是“缩放”，主刀医生可以通过调节缩放比例，改变手动操纵和实际移动的尺度比例，从而实现超精细外科手术，提高手术成功率。美中不足的是，一个病人需要为这种手术支付昂贵的设备费用。</span></div><div><br></div><div>医疗机器人的优势不言而喻。纵使最出色的外科医生，由于手部血管随着心跳有节律的颤动，都无法保证手术器械的完全稳定，而这一劣势被医疗机器人高精度的机电结构所补偿。医疗机器人还具有微创性，一个小的机电设备往往只需要2厘米的创口，甚至口服就可以进入人体，从而极大降低了术后感染的风险，加快了术后愈合的时间。此外，医疗机器人还可远程操作，只要连接网络，主刀医师无需与患者碰面，即可远程操纵机器人完成手术，极大地减少了医生和患者的时间成本。</div><div><br></div><div><div>从研发和产业角度看，智能机器人可以应用于工业制造业、教育娱乐业、医疗和大健康产业、军事与航空航天业四大领域。而应用于医疗和大健康产业的智能机器人，融合了人工智能、计算机模拟、传感器、移动通讯和互联网+等当代前沿科技和成熟<a href="http://b.oecr.com/sell" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">产品</a>，是引领21世纪医疗、养老与康复等产业的前沿技术和产品。从未来医用机器人的市场规模和使用需求来看，排在首位的是远程医疗机器人；其次是康复护理机器人；第三是微创手术机器人和3D模拟机器人；第四是特种功能微型机器人。</div><div><br></div><div>在时占祥看来，医用机器人是再造生产力，该领域蕴藏着巨大市值的技术和服务市场，是明确的值得投资的产业。<span style="line-height: 1.8em;">不过，业内人士同时指出，手术机器人的作用主要是辅助手术，它并非绝对准确无误，其安全性和有效性引起了高度关注。国外的研究<a href="http://theory.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">资料</a>显示，近几年，机器人手术已经发生多起死亡、受伤、<a href="http://machine.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">机械</a>故障事件。</span></div><div><span style="line-height: 1.8em;"><br></span></div><div>时占祥博士也强调：“当前，我国急需建立医用机器人审评、培训等范畴的相关规范和行业标准。”</div></div><div><br></div><div>小编认为，不管机器人手术技术有多牛，最终的关键还得靠医生。</div><div style="text-align: center;"><p><a href="data/attachment/portal/201604/06/093144xynkmbkhm1fjymqx.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="data/attachment/portal/201604/06/093144xynkmbkhm1fjymqx.jpg"></a></p><p>欢迎关注光电<a href="http://news.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">资讯</a>微信公众号，每天将由光电工程师<a href="http://club.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">社区</a>网站(oecr.com)编辑团队为您精选行业动态，科技资讯，技术解析，光电<a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=list&catid=62" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">科普</a>等精彩内容。 </p></div></td></tr></table> <!--[diy=diycontentbottom]--><div id="diycontentbottom" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <script src="data/cache/home.js?eOg" 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xw0">2016-4-7 00:43</span> </dt> <dd>看帖要回，回帖才健康，在踩踩，楼主辛苦了！</dd> </dl><a name="comment_anchor_5439"></a> <dl id="comment_5439_li" class="ptm pbm bbda cl"> <dt class="mbm"> <span class="y xw0 xi2"> <a href="javascript:;" onclick="portal_comment_requote(5439, '4278');">引用</a> </span> <a href="http://club.oecr.com/space-uid-76546.html" class="xi2 xw1" c="1">denyhe</a> <span class="xg1 xw0">2016-4-6 14:43</span> </dt> <dd>这里的内容哪里找的？都还不错啊。</dd> </dl><a name="comment_anchor_5436"></a> <dl id="comment_5436_li" class="ptm pbm bbda cl"> <dt class="mbm"> <span class="y xw0 xi2"> <a href="javascript:;" onclick="portal_comment_requote(5436, '4278');">引用</a> </span> <a href="http://club.oecr.com/space-uid-11912.html" class="xi2 xw1" c="1">luckymu</a> <span class="xg1 xw0">2016-4-6 13:13</span> </dt> <dd>好吧，可以。</dd> </dl><a name="comment_anchor_5429"></a> <dl id="comment_5429_li" class="ptm pbm bbda cl"> <dt class="mbm"> <span class="y xw0 xi2"> <a href="javascript:;" 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