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<div class="ss"><div><span>导读： </span>韩国职业九段棋手李世石与谷歌人工智能“阿尔法围棋”(AlphaGo)对战连输三盘时，几乎所有人都对人类失去了信心。人工智能真的就无懈可击了吗？小编认为，之前的一些关于电脑战胜人类的一些说法，其实就是夸大了人工 ...</div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarybottom]--><div id="diysummarybottom" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="d"> <!--[diy=diycontenttop]--><div id="diycontenttop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="vwtb"><tr><td id="article_content"><div><span style="line-height: 25.2px;"><br></span></div><div><span style="line-height: 25.2px;">韩国职业九段棋手李世石与谷歌人工智能“阿尔法围棋”(AlphaGo)对战</span><span style="line-height: 25.2px;">连输三盘时，几乎所有人都对人类失去了信心。人工智能真的就无懈可击了吗？</span></div><div><span style="line-height: 25.2px;"><br></span></div><div><span style="line-height: 25.2px;">如此重要，又如此诡异的围棋比赛，</span><span style="line-height: 25.2px;">鹿死谁手，谁都不能轻易地下结论。</span></div><div><span style="line-height: 25.2px;"><br></span></div><div><span style="line-height: 25.2px;">然而，就在昨天的第四番较量中，<b>“阿尔法狗”中盘告负。到底发生了什么？</b>“李世石发挥得好，‘阿尔法狗’也表现出缺陷。这场震动棋坛的反击战中，李世石78手出了一“挖”，赛后被围棋职业高手称为“惊天妙手”。之后，“阿尔法狗”棋势一泻千里，最终苦撑不过而投子。</span></div><div><span style="line-height: 25.2px;"><br></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><p><a href="data/attachment/portal/201603/14/151038l84n0l121l1ln88u.png" target="_blank"><img src="data/attachment/portal/201603/14/151038l84n0l121l1ln88u.png"></a></p></div><div><div><br></div><div>“我们这些研究围棋人工智能的，通过‘阿尔法狗’的表现，能推断出它有各种缺陷，不是无懈可击。”刘知青说，“我不知道备战之前，李世石是否请教过人工智能专家。有一些专家或许能给他启发。也可能李世石是通过几百步的对抗，自己有了一些感觉”。</div><div><br></div><div>刘知青说，“阿尔法狗”的原理决定，它有一些无法回避的弱点，用专业语言描述这种弱点太复杂。“简单来说，人在某种程度上使用逻辑推理，‘阿尔法狗’在逻辑推理上弱一点。”</div><div><br></div><div>“李世石今天的布局更稳重，一直等待时机。前半局形势似乎对李世石不利，复杂攻杀也让李世石几乎用光了时间。”刘知青说。</div><div><br></div><div>复盘来看，78手之前，“<b>阿尔法狗”的棋形看似稳健，实则隐藏着结构上的危机</b>，这恰恰被李世石捕捉到了。</div><div><br></div><div>“不是每一个职业高手都能看出这个机会。但李世石就是下出来了。”刘知青说，这一招出乎“阿尔法狗”的意料，接下来棋局走上了“阿尔法狗”无法控制的另一条路。</div><div><br></div><div>围棋中有个概念叫“一本道”——“也就是我下了一步妙棋，对方只有华山一条路。使用蒙特卡洛算法的电脑，现在看来没有算到这步棋，之后就章法大乱。”刘知青说。</div><div><br></div><div>刘知青说，<b>“阿尔法狗”的另一个弱点在于它用神经网络模拟棋感，但棋感也会有偏差。</b>今天，“阿尔法狗”没想到李世石会走出“神来一手”，之后它的一些“非常规招法”让旁观者摇头。</div><div><br></div><div>“这些弱点是类似算法的围棋<a href="http://opticaldesign.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">软件</a>共有的，是这个领域的传统问题。但Google已解决得不错，以至于大家以为这些问题不存在了。现在看来，还是没有完全解决。”刘知青说。</div><div><br></div><div>赛后的新闻发布会上，Google团队的哈萨比斯说：“我们来这里就是要<a href="http://opticaltest.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">测试</a>‘阿尔法狗’的弱点，李世石是能帮助我们的天才。我们很高兴发现阿尔法狗的弱点，然后才能提升它。”</div><div><br></div><div>“这一次输掉比赛，证明‘阿尔法狗’的选择和判断出了问题。”哈萨比斯说：“我们不确定发生了什么，我们会回到英国分析数据。”</div><div><br></div><div>小编认为，之前的一些关于电脑战胜人类的一些说法，其实就是夸大了人工智能取胜的意义，这样的说法，肯定是不妥当的，有些人工智能处理的是可测度的问题，各种棋类游戏都有的一定的规章，类游戏攻略，若计算资源和算法累积到一定的程度，电脑总会是胜过人类的，但他的程序总归是人类设计的，对于不可测度的领域，人工智能缺乏创造力，我们如果能不断地去发现人工智能的缺点和不足，不断地去完善他，让人工智能最终能成为人类提供放心的服务，这才是<span style="line-height: 25.2px;">发明</span><span style="line-height: 1.8em;">这些科技的终极目标吧！</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><p><a href="data/attachment/portal/201603/14/152601bkhaohoahayyfhah.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="data/attachment/portal/201603/14/152601bkhaohoahayyfhah.jpg"></a></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span 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