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type="text/css"></style> <div id="ct" class="ct2 wp cl"> <div class="mn"> <div class="bm_haa cl"> <div class="bm_h cl"> <a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=rss&catid=61" class="y xi2 rss" target="_blank" title="RSS">订阅</a><h1 class="xs2">文章</h1> </div></div> <div class="kjkjb"> <div class="bm vw" style="margin-bottom:0;"> <div class="h hm"> <div class="zxtoux"><img src="http://www.oecr.com/uc_server/avatar.php?uid=54876&size=small" /></div> <h1 class="ph">科学家受蟑螂启发研制柔性机器人 或可用于救灾 </h1> <p class="xg1"> 时间：2016-2-15 14:57<a class="zz" href="home.php?mod=space&uid=54876">作者：update</a> 阅读<em id="_viewnum">(1582)</em> 评论: <a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=comment&id=4003&idtype=aid" title="查看全部评论"><em id="_commentnum">5</em></a></p> <div class="zxfb" ><a href="http://www.oecr.com/portal.php?mod=rss&catid=61" class="y xi2 rss" target="_blank" title="RSS">订阅</a></div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarytop]--><div id="diysummarytop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="s"> <div class="ss"><div><span>导读： </span>美国加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校研究人员受到蟑螂“启发”，最新研制了一种柔性“机器人”，可抗压、降低身形、钻入缝隙，今后或许可以用于救灾探测。</div> </div> <!--[diy=diysummarybottom]--><div id="diysummarybottom" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <div class="d"> <!--[diy=diycontenttop]--><div id="diycontenttop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="vwtb"><tr><td id="article_content"><div style="text-align: center;"> </div><div><p style="text-align: center;"><a href="data/attachment/portal/201602/15/150640uofhrhgho25hvrr9.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="data/attachment/portal/201602/15/150640uofhrhgho25hvrr9.jpg"></a></p></div><div> 美国加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校研究人员受到蟑螂“启发”，最新研制了一种柔性“机器人”，可抗压、降低身形、钻入缝隙，今后或许可以用于救灾探测。</div><div> 蟑螂之所以获称“小强”，部分源于其极强的生命力。蟑螂在实验室<a href="http://opticaltest.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">测试</a>中受力相当于体重900倍，却不会受伤。加州大学伯克利分校综合生物学教授罗伯特·富尔25年前观察发现，美洲种属蟑螂的行进速度能达到每秒近1.5米，相当于其身体长度的50倍。</div><div> 富尔在学校主持一间实验室，名为“多学科动物移动效能、动能和力学实验室”，历年观察蟑螂、螃蟹和壁虎等动物行走、奔跑、跳跃、爬行、滑行等方式，探究它们运动过程所蕴含的生物力学基本原理，以求改善机器人设计。</div><div> 美洲蟑螂让在这间实验室攻读博士的考希克·贾亚拉姆获得灵感。高速摄像机拍下的画面<a href="http://display.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">显示</a>，蟑螂身处两块“夹板”之间，当甲板间隔大约1.27厘米、与“身高”相当时，蟑螂自由行走；间隔调整为0.6厘米、远低于身高时，蟑螂依然全速行进；当间隔仅为0.25厘米，它们会在夹板之间挤压自己的身体，强行通过。</div><div> 贾亚拉姆认为，在狭小空间或缝隙内，蟑螂的腿脚受朝向限制，无法正常发挥作用，移动时不得不利用身体其他部位。具体而言，处于受挤压状态时，蟑螂凭借胫节上带有感知能力的刺毛，与夹板摩擦，推动自己。</div><div> 依据这些观察，贾亚拉姆设计机器人，定名为“可压缩带活关节构造机器人”(CRAM)，尺寸与人的手掌相当，受到上下挤压时“腿脚”可以向两侧张开。</div><div> 只是，与蟑螂相比，这一机器人受挤压能力大为逊色，高度只能降低至正常“身高”的一半。</div><div> 这种机器人的制作<a href="http://optics.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">工艺</a>类似于手工折纸，简单且成本低廉，目前由加州大学伯克利分校下属一家<a href="http://b.oecr.com/company" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">企业</a>制作成套件，供机器人爱好者自行组装。</div><div> 贾亚拉姆和富尔在美国《国家科学院学报》发表论文称，在龙卷风、地震和爆炸等场合，现有绝大多数机器人无法进入废墟，而柔性机器人可通行无阻，帮助探知所处区域是否稳定和安全，发现幸存者所在位置，确定救援人员进入路径。</div><div> 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name="comment_anchor_3995"></a> <dl id="comment_3995_li" class="ptm pbm bbda cl"> <dt class="mbm"> <span class="y xw0 xi2"> <a href="javascript:;" onclick="portal_comment_requote(3995, '4003');">引用</a> </span> <a href="http://club.oecr.com/space-uid-37179.html" class="xi2 xw1" c="1">guinaya</a> <span class="xg1 xw0">2016-2-16 09:22</span> </dt> <dd>楼下的接上</dd> </dl><a name="comment_anchor_3993"></a> <dl id="comment_3993_li" class="ptm pbm bbda cl"> <dt class="mbm"> <span class="y xw0 xi2"> <a href="javascript:;" onclick="portal_comment_requote(3993, '4003');">引用</a> </span> <a href="http://club.oecr.com/space-uid-55198.html" class="xi2 xw1" c="1">xiyuandsh</a> <span class="xg1 xw0">2016-2-16 08:22</span> </dt> <dd>楼下的接上</dd> </dl><a name="comment_anchor_3977"></a> <dl id="comment_3977_li" class="ptm pbm bbda cl"> <dt class="mbm"> <span class="y xw0 xi2"> <a href="javascript:;" onclick="portal_comment_requote(3977, '4003');">引用</a> </span> <a 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